Entrepreneur or company Entrepreneurial companies are conceived by the legislature as small family businesses. The founder (entrepreneur), members of his family and possibly several employees should work in them. Registration fees are less than 100 EUR in dinar equivalent. Companies are conceived as larger (economically more powerful) companies with more capital and more employees. Of course, there are companies with a small amount of capital and a small number of members. There are even one-member companies. Fees for company registration are higher (about 500 EUR in dinars), but are kept as the founding capital and companies are free to dispose of this amount after registration. The tax liabilities are the same in all variants, with the flat rate entrepreneurs paying a fixed amount estimated by the Tax Administration, and the rest on the basis of the realized profit. The Entrepreneur may decide to pay the tax on the lump sum determined income determined by the decision of the Tax Administration, thus acquiring the status of the Entrepreneur "lump sum". The right to flat-rate taxation can be exercised by an entrepreneur if he produces and sells exclusively his own products, if the planned or realized total income in the previous calendar year amounts to 6,000,000 dinars and if he is not a VAT payer. He pays tax obligations on a monthly basis, based on the average salary within the same activity in the territory in which the business is registered, and which is determined by the Tax Administration. In the interior of Serbia, tax liabilities amount to around 18,000 to 25,000 dinars, and in larger cities they are higher, for example in Belgrade from 30,000 dinars and up. If the Tax Administration determines that, for example, your base is 50,000 RSD, you will pay: tax on income from self-employment 10% (5,000 dinars), contributions for pension and disability insurance 26% - 13,000 dinars, health insurance contributions 10.3% - 5,150 din, e) unemployment contributions 1.5% - 750 dinars. In addition, the flat rate entrepreneur also pays local taxes (eco tax, company start-up tax,…), and the amounts are prescribed by the local self-government. A lump sum is the best solution in case of making larger amounts of profit, because as mentioned above, the amount of tax is fixed for "lump sums", so regardless of whether he earns 50,000 or 200,000 dinars in a certain month, he always pays a predetermined amount of tax. The advantage is that he has to keep only the income book, ie. issued invoices (KPO book), has no obligation to record incurred expenses, can freely dispose of funds from his business account without justification (of course if he has money in the account and if he is sure that in the coming period will open income to cover liabilities), no an obligation to hire an accountant or bookkeeping agency and no obligation to have a fiscal cash register. The disadvantage is that it guarantees business with personal property (apartment, car, (). However, if the income exceeds 8,000,000 dinars in any period during the previous 12 months (for example, from March 2020 to March 2021), he must re-register as a "bookseller" and lead the so-called "Double-entry bookkeeping", ie. in addition to income, he must record expenses in the books, and after the end of the year, he submits the Final Account to the Tax Administration. The tax is paid monthly in advance according to the estimated for beginners or for current entrepreneurs according to the realized profit in the previous year, and the final calculation of the tax is done on the basis of the Final Account. Taxes and contributions are the same as for lump sums, including rates. The only difference is in the way of determining the base on which the stated rates are applied (lump sums are paid on the basis of a fixed base, and profit is made with bookkeepers. Local taxes are the same as with flat-rate entrepreneurs. , all tax forms listed so far are present in this form of taxation, but does not pay contributions on the difference between income and expenses, but pays them on earnings that determine itself, so it is ultimately obliged to pay taxes and contributions on their earnings (the amount of which they choose) and the tax on income from self-employment, which pays the difference between income and expenses.
COMPANIES In the Republic of Serbia, as well as in the Council, there are four legal forms of companies: Capital companies -Limited Liability Company (LLC), Engl. “Limited liability company” - Joint Stock Company (AD), engl. “Joint stock company” Associations of persons -Partnership company (OD) - Limited partnership (KD), eng. “Limited partnership” and “special partnership” All companies keep double-entry books, pay tax liabilities according to the realized profit, and contributions for pension and disability insurance, health insurance, unemployment contributions are paid only for employees, while founders who do not work in their company and are not registered to represent and Representation of a company does not have the status of an insured person, ie. do not apply for compulsory social insurance. All companies also pay local taxes. A limited liability company (D.O.O.) establishes one or more legal and / or natural persons, in the capacity of members or founders for the purpose of performing a certain activity or certain activities under a common business name. D.O.O. is liable for all its obligations with all its assets while the founders / members of the D.O.O. are not liable with their property for the obligations of their D.O.O. This is an important rule in D.O.O. which makes a key distinction between D.O.O. and entrepreneurs, where the entrepreneur is responsible for all the obligations of his business with all his property, including the property of the business, but also his personal property. The founding capital is at least EUR 500 in dinar equivalent, and after the payment and registration of the company, this amount becomes the property of the d.o.o. and disposes of it freely. The great advantage of D.O.O. in relation to all other forms of companies, including entrepreneurs, is the principle of freedom of contract, which allows space to make further partnerships in the company (received by new partners and investors). LLC is the most common form of legal form of companies. A joint stock company (JSC) is a company that establishes one or more legal and / or natural persons in the capacity of shareholders to perform a certain activity, under a common business name, whose share capital is determined and divided into shares issued for that purpose. The joint stock company is responsible for its obligations with all its assets. The shareholders of the joint stock company are not responsible for the obligations of the company, except up to the amount of the agreed but unpaid contribution to the company's property, which practically means that when they enter the entire contribution agreed in the founding act, any further responsibility of shareholders ceases. Joint stock companies are "magnets" for raising large capital. A partnership (OD) is a company established by two or more natural and / or legal persons in the capacity of a partnership for the purpose of performing a certain activity under a common business name. A partnership is liable for its obligations with all its assets. Partnership and D.O.O. have very many similarities, with D.o.o. However, the key difference is that the partners of the partnership are jointly and severally liable for all the obligations of the partnership with all their property, while with D.O.O. members are not liable with their property for the obligations of D.O.O. except in exceptional cases. This is the reason why the number of partnerships in relation to limited liability companies is minor worldwide (about 5% of all companies). Limited partnership (CD) is a company founded by two or more natural and / or legal persons in the capacity of partners (identical mechanism, rights and obligations in that part as in OD), for the purpose of performing certain activities, under a common business name, of which at least one person is unlimitedly liable for his obligations (general partner), and at least one person is liable unlimitedly up to the amount of his agreed role (limited partner). A limited partnership is liable for its obligations with all its assets. This form has completely lost its significance and is almost non-existent in practice.
